《一多不分:作为无神论者的道德追求》
2017-09-22 publish
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理查德·道金斯曾拍过一组纪录片形式的节目,名为《性,死亡与生命的意义》,在片中,作为无神论者的道金斯指出宗教不是唯一能够为人提供生存意义与临终关怀的存在,甚至在约束人们保持美德方面也未必如人们通常认为得那样有效。

实际上,在中国,宗教从未取代世俗道德规范而成为人们行动的最终准则,信仰也极少作为终极意义而存在。反而是在普遍的道德规范之上,人们获得了生活的“意义”,宗教如佛教或道教更多的只是提供“神力”的“保佑”,或者许诺来世的福祉,人们向宗教所寻求的,依旧是世俗的幸福与成就。无神论的思想进入中国并没有受到太大阻碍,并且至今作为无神论为主流的国家,民间信仰和一些宗教“仪式”也与世俗生活并行不悖,似乎是中国人心中有两套“规律”,一套是切实可以用科学证明的自然规律,一套是参杂着神秘性与偶然性的“因果”规律,两者都没有唯一的神灵来制定,而是仿佛亘古便存在,只是有待不断深入地去认识而已。

因此,我认为传统的中国世俗观念中,即便参杂了不少宗教因素和迷信色彩,但任何更本质的规则都并非由“神”所制定或左右,“神”的存在并不为世俗规律提供终极的形而上学保障,反过来,神与鬼间的秩序,似乎只是世俗生活的延伸和投射,并且最终要向实际的世俗生活妥协。宗教固然可以用来世福报等观念来劝善,但最终无法与世俗道德准则相抗衡,凡是不能为现世带来好处的教义,极少会被主流所接受,如佛教流传到中国后逐渐本土化,也变得与印度佛教大相径庭......更多请点击查看详情文档

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Roger T· Ames (Roger T.Ames)

Roger T. Ames was born in 1947 in Toronto, Canada. As a professor at the University of Hawaii, an advisor to Nishan Shengyuan Academy, Chairman of the World Association of Confucian Culture Studies and Vice Chairman of the International Confucian Association, he is an internationally famous expert in Sinology. He is a leading figure in Chinese & Western philosophy and is famous in China and abroad for his translation of books such as theAnalects of Confucius,Sun Tzu’s Art of War,Huainan Tzu andTao Te Ching He was the Chief Editor toPhilosophy of the Occident and Orientas well as theInternational Chinese Book Reviewand the author ofConfucian Philosophical Thinking,Thinking from the Han: Self, Truth, and Transcendence in Chinese and Western Culture,Anticipating China: Thinking Through the Narratives of Chinese and Western Culture,the Art of Rulership: A Study into Chinese Political ThoughtandDemocracy if the Dead: Dewey, Confucius and the Hope for Democracy in China. Roger T. Ames once received the guidance of Liu Dianjue and became proficient in classical Chinese, then to one of the most outstanding modern scholars of Classical Studies. In 2013, he was awarded the "Confucius Culture Award" by the 6th World Confucian Congress. Then he won the second "Huilin Prize Award" in 2016.…
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